暑假第二份英文作業/2017.07.03-2017.08.25/邱申晴

07/03-07/07

Tasting with your Eyes

It might be said that one of the weirdest sights in Asia is the fake food in display cases that people look at to decide what to eat.While this usually elicits a chuckle,fake food is big business,especially in Japan.There,fake food is a century-old tradition,and restaurants pay billions of dollars for it per year.If fake food pulls in the customers,why not get the best of the best?

While there are emerging markets in South Korea and China,replica food goes back a long time in Japan.Japanese people are cautious,so they like to be able to see what they are going to eat.This is called tasting with the eyes.

用眼睛嘗食物

人們看著展示櫃裡假的食物(模型)去決定要吃什麼可以說是亞洲最奇怪的景色之一。這會讓人會心一笑，食物模型是一個大商機，特別是在日本。食物模型是一項百年傳統，餐廳每年付數十億元。假如食物模型可以吸引顧客，為什麼不用最好的呢？

雖然在南韓和中國有新興市場，食物樣品在日本很久了。日本人很謹慎，所以他們想先看到他們要吃的東西，這就叫眼睛嚐食物。

07/10-07/14

Tasting with your Eyes

Fake food is not mass-produced.Instead,For this reason,fake food is not cheap,and most replicas of items cost from 10 to 20 times the amount of the actual dish.

Fake food was started in the small town of Gujo Hachiman in 1917 by Takizo Iwasaki. According to a tall tale,Iwasaki's wife was on her deathbed,and he was watching over her by candlelight.After watching the melting wax of the candle,Iwasaki was inspired to create fake food,and he eventually brought her a fake omelet.while this story may or may not be true,the fact is that fake food became very popular right after that,and the rest is history.

食物模型不是大規模生產的。反而因為這樣，食物模型都不便宜，大部分商品的成本是實際菜餚的10到20倍。

食物模型始於1917年郡上八幡的一個小鎮裡的Takizo Iwasaki。根據一個故事，Iwasaki的老婆在臨終前，他在燭光下看著她。後看到蠟燭融化的蠟，啟發Iwasaki創造食物模型的靈感，最後做給她一個假的歐姆蛋。 雖然這個故事可能是真的也可能不是真的，但食物模型在此之後變得非常受歡迎是事實，而剩下的事是眾所皆知的。

07/17-07/21

Pup Art

The artist Pablo Picasso once said,"The purpose of art is washing the dust of daily life off our souls." Art is essential to finding beauty in our lives and connecting emotionally with other people.Interactive art exhibits or installations,like those found in science museums,help spectators become participants in interpreting and experiencing art.But what about art for our furry companions? Since art elicits emotional stimulation,and it is scientifically proven that dogs experience emotions,it should come as no surprise that the first art exhibition in the world that was designed just for dogs popped up in August 2016.

For the two days that the Play More art exhibit was open in London,pups had a chance to enjoy installations that allowed them to explore their favorite activities and senses. One display called Cruising Canines,simulated an open car window that had a fun blowing a myriad of dog's favorite scents,like those of meat and shoes.

狗狗藝術

藝術家畢卡索曾經說過，「藝術的目的是在於將日積月累中的塵土從我們的靈魂中清除。」藝術對於讓我們在生活中尋找美好並與他人情感上聯繫是至關重要的。互動藝術展覽或設施，如在科學博物館中的陳設，幫助觀眾參與詮釋和體驗藝術。那我們毛茸茸的同伴藝術呢？由於藝術引起情緒刺激，科學證明狗狗是有情緒的，世界上第一個為犬隻設計的一個藝術展覽會在2016年8月份出現也並不奇怪。

在Play More藝術展覽在倫敦開放兩天之內，小狗有機會享受裝置，讓他們探索自己喜歡的活動和感官。一個叫Cruising Canines的展示，模擬了一個開放的車窗，用一抬電扇吹出狗狗喜歡的香味，像肉和鞋子。

07/24-07/28

Pup Art

Another part of the exhibit that proved effective at holding many dogs' attention was a multimedia installation that showed a Frisbee bouncing around a screen.

This was all done in an effort to encourage owners to spend more time playing with their pets. British artist Dominic Wilcox was commissioned by More Than Pet Insurance to design the exhibition. His challenge was to create installations that would be fun for pooches and could be featured at modern art museums anywhere in the world. Wilcox also acted as curator,choosing paintings in the dogs' perceivable color spectrum and displaying them at their eye level. These different parts of the exhibition help convey the message that owners need to be active and play with their dogs more often. So think twice about chaining your dogs,and treat our canine friends with respect.

展覽另一部份證明有效引起狗狗注意的部分是顯示飛盤圍繞屏幕彈起的多媒體安裝。

這一切都是為了鼓勵飼主花更多的時間與寵物玩的設計。由More Than Pet保險公司委託英國藝術家Dominic Wilcox設計展覽。他的挑戰是創造一些能對愛犬而言很有趣的設施，且可以在世界各地的現代藝術博物館展示。Wilcox也擔任策展人，挑選狗狗能看到的顏色繪畫，並在他們看的見的視角上展示它們。這些不同的展覽部分有助於傳達飼主需要更多活耀、並與他們的狗狗玩的信息。 所以當你栓上你的狗前請三思，並尊重我們的犬朋友。

07/31-08/04

A Miracle of Nature:The Olive Ridley Sea Turtle

Reptiles have both fascinated and frightened mankind since the beginning of humanity. it's no wonder. Snakes, crocodiles, and alligators have always posed danger to humans. Only turtles, and their land-base cousins, tortoises, have been relatively danger-free source of food, leather, and shell supplies, and even for use as pets. Turtles, bound by water for most of their lives, exist in both fresh and saltwater varieties. Among the latter, the olive ridley sea turtle is the most common, and therefore the most beneficial to people.

Thought its average size is 65 centimeters in length with a weight of less than 50 kilograms, the olive ridley sea turtle is the smallest of all sea turtle species.

一個自然的奇蹟：欖蠵龜

自從有人類開始，爬蟲類動物對人類既著迷又恐懼。這也難怪，蛇、鱷魚和短吻鱷都對人類產生威脅。只有海龜和它們陸地上的親戚—陸龜，相對沒有危險的食物、皮革和貝殼，甚至可以當作寵物。海龜醫生大部分都住在水裡，有淡水和鹹水的物種。在後者中，橄蠵龜是最常見的，因此對人類最有益處。

橄蠵龜平均長65公分，重量小於50公斤，橄蠵龜卻是所有海龜裡最小的一種。

08/07-08/11

A Miracle of Nature:The Olive Ridley Sea Turtle

It inhabits mostly tropical and subtropical waters of the Pacific and Indian Oceans, but is also found along Caribbean, northern South America, and West African shores. Olive ridley sea turtle eat mostly jellyfish, crabs, shrimp, and fish. They may travel hundreds or even thousands of kilometers between feeding and mating grounds in a year.

What is amazing about these animals, and has caught the attention of people around the world, is their egg-laying behavior. In huge numbers, female olive ridley sea turtles leave the safety of the ocean to lay their 100 or so eggs under the sandy beaches. Within two months, the hatchlings make their way from the beach into the warm waters where they will spend the majority of the rest of their lives. Like salmon, the females always return to the same spot where they hatched. This miracle of nature, however, does not protect them from the threats to their existence.

牠主要居住在太平洋和印度洋的熱帶和亞熱帶水域，但也在加勒比、北美南部和西非海岸發現。橄蠵龜主要吃水母、螃蟹、蝦和魚。牠們在一年內可能會在覓食地和交配場地之間游行數百甚至數千公里。

這些動物令人驚奇，引起世界各地人們的注意，是他們的產卵行為。大量雌性欖蠵龜的情況下，會離開安全的海洋到沙灘上產下100個左右的卵。兩個月內，幼小橄蠵龜從海灘進入溫暖的海域，牠門會在那裏渡過一生。跟鮭魚一樣，雌性的會回到它們孵化的地方。然而，這個自然的奇蹟並不能保護他們免受生存的威脅。

08/14-08/18

The Beauty and Thrill of Cherry Blossoms

They usher in the arrival of spring. Each year, cherry blossoms are seen all over the world, delighting the millions who turn out just to view the small, delicate pink flowers of cherry blossom tree. Some of these gatherings are spectacular and festive. Some consist of small family groups. Friends and lovers use the occasion to enjoys a delightful outing. In Taiwan, Yangmingshan is one of the most popular places to enjoy cherry blossoms in full bloom. Indigenous to the Asian continent and revered in China, these widely celebrated flowers have a long and rich history. Cherry blossoms can be found througho tuthe temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Thriving in Europe,Asia,and the Americas,they are most often associated with Japan. Known there as sakura, cherry blossoms enjoy deep cultural and historical significance. Sakura is the very symbol of Japanese spring, but there is also a deeper symbolism.

漂亮和紛飛的櫻花

他們迎接春天得到來。每一年，全世界都能看的到櫻花，讓數百萬人感到高興，他們再一起，看很小、嬌嫩的粉紅色櫻花樹。有些聚會很壯觀和歡樂。有些由小家庭組成。朋友和愛人利用這個機會去享受一個愉快的假期。在台灣，陽明山是享受櫻花盛開最有名的景點之一。產於亞洲大陸，受到中國的尊敬，這些廣為人知的花有悠久且豐富的歷史。在北半球的溫帶地區可以找到櫻花。興盛於歐洲，亞洲和美洲，但通常與日本聯想再一起。櫻花被稱為sakura，櫻花擁有深厚的文化和歷史意義。櫻花是日本春天的象徵，但也有更深的象徵意義。

08/21-08/25

The Beauty and Thrill of Cherry Blossoms

Because they all bloom together, sakura symbolizes clouds. Their striking beauty, simultaneous death, and short one-to two-week lifespan evoke the fragile and transient nature of life, making the flower a living symbol of mortality in a culture that readily embraces both life and death. Sakura tree tattoos are not uncommon in Japan.

Sakura was also an important symbol in Japan's war culture. Bushido, the moral and ethical code of ancient Samurai warriors, was so strong that that these fighters stood ready to die in battle. It was believed that they fought to the death in the spirit of sakura. During World War ||, Japanese pilots painted sakura images on their planes before flying suicide missions, and falling flower petals symbolized the selfless sacrifice of youth to the cause of the war. Little wonder then that sakura is Japan's national flower. It would be difficult to overstate sakura's historical and cultural importance to Japan.

因為他們都在一起盛開，櫻花象徵著雲朵。他們引人注目的美，且同時凋零，短暫的一到兩週的壽命，喚起了生命的脆弱和短暫的性質，使花成為死亡象徵的文化中容易擁抱生命和死亡的象徵。櫻花紋身在日本也很常見。

櫻花也是日本戰爭文化的重要象徵意義。古代武士的道德和道德規範很強大，讓這些戰士們準備在好死在戰鬥中。據信他們本著櫻花的精神而戰鬥至死。在二戰期間，日本飛行員在飛行自殺任務前在他們的飛機上畫了櫻花圖像，而花瓣掉落象徵著年青人為戰爭的無私奉獻。難怪櫻花是日本的國花。要說櫻花對日本的歷史和文化重要性也很難誇大。