討論:六年制學程/07/月考3：修訂版本之間的差異

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#麩胺酸、榖胺酸、谷胺酸：<img src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Glutaminsäure_-_Glutamic_acid.svg' width=320 height=151/>
 
#麩胺酸、榖胺酸、谷胺酸：<img src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Glutaminsäure_-_Glutamic_acid.svg' width=320 height=151/>
 
#麩胺酸鈉(味精)：<img src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Monosodium_glutamate.svg' width=320 height=151/>
 
#麩胺酸鈉(味精)：<img src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Monosodium_glutamate.svg' width=320 height=151/>
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#鹹、酸、甜、苦、鮮等五味。
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#基本味覺：酸、甜、苦、鹹、鮮等五味。
−
#鮮味：
+
#鮮味：甘旨味，海帶中的麩胺酸鈉，貝類中所含的琥珀酸，柴魚中的次黃嘌呤核酸(IMP)，香菇中的鳥嘌呤核苷酸(GMP)，綠茶中的麩胺酸乙醯胺苷等，陸續被科學家發現。由這些發現得知，鮮味乃是由種種胺基酸與有機酸等所組成的微妙而複雜的味道。
 +
#眾多鮮味物質中以麩胺酸鈉(即味精)最具代表性，該物質的鮮味早就為人類所熟知且加以利用。
 +
#在食物蛋白質中，麩胺酸所佔的比例遠高於另外的十九種胺基酸，
 +
 
 +
 
 +
<p align=center>表一、食物蛋白質中麩胺酸所佔的百分比</p>
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<table><tr>
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<td style="width:118px;border:1.0pt solid maroon;padding-left:1.4pt; padding-right:1.4pt; padding-top:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; line-height:20px" align="center">
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">食物種類</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 161px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; line-height:20px" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">麩胺酸在蛋白質中<br>
 +
所佔的百分比</font></span></p></td>
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<td style="width: 129px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; line-height:20px" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">食物種類</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 191px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; line-height:20px" align="center">
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">麩胺酸在蛋白質中<br>
 +
所佔的百分比</font></span></p></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td style="width: 118px; border-left: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; line-height:20px" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">蕃茄</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 161px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; line-height:20px" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">37.1%</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 129px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; line-height:20px" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">甜玉米</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 191px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; line-height:20px" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">15.1%</font></span></p></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td style="width: 118px; border-left: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">乳酪</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 161px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">27.4%</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 129px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">青豆類</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 191px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">14.8%</font></span></p></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td style="width: 118px; border-left: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">牛奶</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 161px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">19.3%</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 129px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">牛肉</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 191px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">13.5%</font></span></p></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td style="width: 118px; border-left: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">雞肉</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 161px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">16.1%</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 129px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">蛋類</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 191px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">12.5%</font></span></p></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td style="width: 118px; border-left: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">豬肉</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 161px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">15.7%</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 129px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; "><font size="4">菠菜</font></span></p></td>
 +
<td style="width: 191px; border-left: medium none; border-right: 1.0pt solid maroon; border-top: medium none; border-bottom: 1.0pt solid maroon; padding-left: 1.4pt; padding-right: 1.4pt; padding-top: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm">
 +
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0" align="center">
 +
<span style="font-family: 標楷體; " lang="EN-US"><font size="4">9.1%</font></span></p></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
<p align=center>表二、食物中天然游離麩胺酸的含量</p>

2020年1月9日 (四) 07:42的修訂版本

  1. 胺基酸：
  2. 樂高積木拼起來：
  3. 麩胺酸、榖胺酸、谷胺酸：
  4. 麩胺酸鈉(味精)：
  5. 基本味覺：酸、甜、苦、鹹、鮮等五味。
  6. 鮮味：甘旨味，海帶中的麩胺酸鈉，貝類中所含的琥珀酸，柴魚中的次黃嘌呤核酸(IMP)，香菇中的鳥嘌呤核苷酸(GMP)，綠茶中的麩胺酸乙醯胺苷等，陸續被科學家發現。由這些發現得知，鮮味乃是由種種胺基酸與有機酸等所組成的微妙而複雜的味道。
  7. 眾多鮮味物質中以麩胺酸鈉(即味精)最具代表性，該物質的鮮味早就為人類所熟知且加以利用。
  8. 在食物蛋白質中，麩胺酸所佔的比例遠高於另外的十九種胺基酸，


表一、食物蛋白質中麩胺酸所佔的百分比

食物種類

麩胺酸在蛋白質中
所佔的百分比

食物種類

麩胺酸在蛋白質中
所佔的百分比

蕃茄

37.1%

甜玉米

15.1%

乳酪

27.4%

青豆類

14.8%

牛奶

19.3%

牛肉

13.5%

雞肉

16.1%

蛋類

12.5%

豬肉

15.7%

菠菜

9.1%

表二、食物中天然游離麩胺酸的含量

取自「http://jendo.org/wiki1231/index.php?title=討論:六年制學程/07/月考3&oldid=52922」