寒假第二份英文作業/06/2019.01.21-2019.02.08/邱申晴

第一週

Lucerne:The Pocket-Sized Switzerland

If you are looking to satisfy your wanderlust and get the most bang for your buck when visiting Switzerland, Lucerne may be your best bet. The city is blessed with colorful buildings and magnificent views of snow-capped mountains—a perfect backdrop for beautiful Lake Lucerne. Its central location also appeals to people who want to explore more of Switzerland and Central Europe.

Lucerne goes crazy for a few days every year for Fasnacht, a Christian celebration known as Carnival in English. Fasnacht is celebrated for three days and has been compared to Mardi Gras in Rio de Janeiro and New Orleans. Unlike these celebrations, it commences on Fat Thursday, which is traditionally the day when Swiss eat the lard from fatty sausages and butter reserves set aside from the winter. It is also the last Thursday before Ash Wednesday, which marks the beginning of Lent, a Christian tradition that involves 40 days of fasting.

Fasnacht is when the people of Lucerne love to let their hair down. Guggenmusik marching bands and floats parade down lantern-lit streets while revelers dance and party in bizarre masks and costumes. It is not only a celebration, but also a sure way to scare away the gloomy winter spirits and welcome in spring. Swiss cities like Bern and Basel also celebrate Fasnacht, but many argue that no one does it as well as Lucerne, where the sights and sounds of thousands of participants are guaranteed to give visitors the time of their life.

如果你想要在拜訪瑞士時，既能夠滿足旅遊慾望又能把錢花在刀口上，盧賽恩可能會是你最好的選擇。這個城市擁有五彩繽紛的建築和被白雪覆蓋的山的壯麗風景，是美麗琉森湖的完美背景。它位於中心的位置也吸引了人們，想要更深入探索瑞士和中歐。

盧賽恩每年都有幾天會為Fasnacht而瘋狂，這是一個基督教的慶典，英文稱作Carnival。Fasnacht的慶祝長達三天，常被和里約熱內盧和新奧良的Mardi Gras來做了比較。而與這些慶典不同的是，它開始於肥胖星期四，這是傳統上瑞士人會在這天吃油膩香腸的豬油和從冬天以來儲存的奶油。這也是Ash星期三前的最後一個星期四，這標誌著大齊期的開始，這是基督教的傳統，包括禁食40天。

Fasnacht是盧塞恩人喜歡來放鬆的時候。 Guggenmusik遊行樂隊和花車沿著燈籠照亮的街道上游行，而狂歡的人則以帶奇怪的面具和服裝跳舞狂歡。這不只是一個慶典，也是一種可以嚇跑陰森冬季鬼魂並迎來春天的可行方法。瑞士城市像伯爾尼和巴塞爾也會慶祝Fasnacht，但許多人認為沒有人能辦得像盧塞恩一樣，這數千名參與者的景象和聲音肯定會讓遊客終身難忘。

第二週

Lucerne:The Pocket-Sized Switzerland

When Lucerne is not celebrating Fasnacht, it is a thriving tourism hub drawing people from all over to its picturesque surroundings. It has also been popular among the famous. This is where Germany’s most famous poet and writer, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, gained inspiration from his regular visits. Queen Victoria, during her reign in the 19th century, also came to Lucerne to escape the burden of ruling the British Empire. To follow in their footsteps, take a walk by the Reuss River. It fills one with a profound sense of nostalgia, especially after crossing the Kapellbrücke (Chapel Bridge), which was built in the 14th century, to the well-preserved, medieval old town.

Kapellbrücke was built to help fortify Lucerne’s defenses and is the oldest wooden footbridge in Europe. In the 17th century, 158 triangular paintings were placed along the interior of the bridge. However, a fire in 1993 destroyed almost the entire bridge. Only 30 of the original paintings could be fully restored. These days, Kapellbrücke and the nearby Water Tower provide Lucerne with an iconic image that has become the city’s most photographed location.

Another landmark is the Lion Monument, an enormous sculpture of a dying lion carved into the face of a cliff. After visiting Lucerne in 1878, Mark Twain, in his autobiographical travel book, A Tramp Abroad, described the monument as “the most mournful and moving piece of stone in the world.” It was carved between 1820-1821 and commemorates the 800 Swiss Guards who were massacred while guarding the Tuileries Palace during the French Revolution. In the Latin message above the lion, it reads, “To the loyalty and bravery of the Swiss.” With so many places to explore and amazing festivals to experience, Lucerne will not disappoint.

當盧塞恩沒在慶祝Fasnacht時，它是一個繁榮的旅遊樞紐，吸引著各地人們到其如畫的周圍環境。這裡也很受歡迎。這裡是德國最著名的詩人兼作家約翰·沃夫岡·馮·歌德定期會拜訪能從中獲得靈感的地方。維多利亞女王在19世紀在位期間，也來盧塞恩以逃避統治大英帝國的重擔。跟著他們的腳步，在羅伊斯河散步。它充滿了強烈的懷舊之情，特別是在穿過建於14世紀的Kapellbrücke（教堂橋），到保存完好的中世紀舊城區時。

Kapellbrücke是為了加強盧塞恩的防禦才建造，是歐洲最古老的木製步行橋。在17世紀，沿著橋樑內部放置了158幅三角形畫作。不過，1993年的一場大火幾乎摧毀了整座橋。只有30幅原始畫可以被完全修復。如今，Kapellbrücke和附近的水塔為盧塞恩提供了一個指標性的形象，成為這座城市最常被拍的地方。

另一個地標是垂死的獅子像，是一個雕刻在懸崖表面、巨大的的垂死獅子雕像。馬克·吐溫在1878年拜訪完盧塞恩後，在他的自傳旅行書「浪跡海外」中將這座紀念碑形容為「世界上最悲傷也最動人的石頭」。它是在1820年至1821年之間雕刻而成，紀念在法國大革命期間守衛杜伊勒里宮時被屠殺的800名瑞士雇傭兵。在獅子像上方的拉丁文寫著：「獻給忠誠和勇敢的瑞士。」有許多地方可以探索，和體驗令人驚嘆的慶典，盧塞恩絕不會讓你失望。