暑假第二份英文作業/2018.07.02-2018.08.24/邱申晴：修訂版本之間的差異

2018年7月29日 (日) 20:59的修訂版本

2018/07/02-2018/07/06

WHO Plans to Ban Trans Fats in food by 2023

In May, the World Health Organization(WHO) announced their efforts to get rid of artificial trans fats from international food supplies by the year 2023. Health risks caused by trans fats in products used for cooking, like margarine and certain kinds of vegetable oil, are the reason for the ban. Global statistics show that artificial trans fats contributed to an estimated half-million deaths annually from heart disease. Developing countries are most at risk because of their limited access to resources and the prevalence of cheap processed food. Dr. Thomas R. Frieden, president of Resolve to Save Lives, an initiative that is working with the WHO, told The New York Times, "If the world replaces trans fats, people won't taste the difference, food won't cost more, but your heart will know the difference."

世界衛生組織在五月時宣布，他們要在2023年前努力清除國際食品供應中的人造反式脂肪。禁止的原因是因為用於烹飪的產品中含有的反式脂肪會對健康造成威脅，例如人造黃油和某些植物油。根據全球統計數據顯示，人造反式脂肪每年導致約50萬人死於心髒病。開發中國家由於獲取資源的機會有限以及廉價加工食品的普及處於最高風險。Resolve to Save Lives是一項和世衛組織合作的倡議活動，領導者Dr. Thomas R. Frieden跟紐約時報說：「如果世界取代掉反式脂肪，人們就嚐不出差異，食物花費也不會更高，但你的心臟會知道差異。」

2018/07/09-2018/07/13

Japanese Farmers Create Banana With Edible Peel

According to National Geographic, scientists at D&T Farm in Japan's Okayama Prefecture announced their most recent development of a banana with some properties that have made it a viral story. They successfully grew a banana fruit with a peel that people can eat. It took months of experimenting with a freezing-and-thawing method, which keeps the banana tree at extremely cold temperatures of -60 degrees Celsius followed by a dramatic heat increase to around 26 degrees. The result is soft and thin skin that hasn't fully developed.

The scientists' method mimics plant growth during ice ages or other long freezes. Cold temperatures slow plants metabolism; a sudden burst of sun and heat tends to lead to dramatic growth. In the banana's case, the fruit-which holds the seed-matures before the skin can catch up.

跟據國家地理，日本岡山縣D＆T農場的科學家們宣布他們最近研發出的一種香蕉，它的一些特性使它開始爆紅。他們成功栽培了一種連果皮都能吃的香蕉。花了幾個月的時間用冷凍和解凍方法來實驗，把香蕉樹保持在攝氏-60度的極冷溫度中，然後劇烈的升溫到26度左右。結果是柔軟且薄、尚未完全發育的香蕉皮。

科學家的方法在模仿冰河時期或其他長期凍結期間植物生長的環境。低溫會減慢植物新陳代謝;突然的陽光和熱力往往會使植物急劇生長。在香蕉的案例中，有含種子的果實會在外皮果皮熟成前就成熟。

2018/07/16-2018/07/20

"Zombie Deer Disease" Spreading in US Canada

Chronicto wasting disease (CWD), also known as "zombie deer disease," was found in deer from 22 states and two Canadian provinces last winter, according to a report by the Daily Mail. The infection attacks the brain, spinal cord, and other tissues in deer, elk, and moose, resulting in dramatic weight loss, lack of coordination, and even aggression before they eventually die.

While it's not yet known to be transmissible to humans, a recent study showed that macaques could get CWD after consuming infected meat. It sounds very much like Mad Cow disease, which hit the UK in the mid-1980s after cattle ate bone meal of sheep infected with a similar virus. The disease then made the jump to people through infected beef products. This has sparked fears about a variant of CWD that could affect humans.

跟據「每日郵報」報導，去年冬天在美國22個州和加拿大2個省發現有鹿得了慢性消耗疾病（CWD），也稱為"狂鹿症"。這種感染會攻擊鹿、麋鹿和駝鹿的大腦、脊髓和其他組織，導致嚴重的體重減輕和缺乏協調，甚至在它們死前會有攻擊性。

雖然目前尚不知道這個病會不會傳染給人類，但最近的一項研究表明，獼猴吃到感染過的肉後會得狂鹿病。這聽起來非常像狂牛症，狂牛症在1980中期，牛吃到被類似病毒感染的羊骨粉後重擊了英國。然後這種疾病通過受感染的牛肉產品傳給了人。這引發了人們擔心狂鹿症的變種可能會對人類帶來影響。

2018/07/23-2018/07/27

The Inspiring Story of Lizzie Velasquez

Lizzie Velasquez was born with a rare genetic disorder that prevents her from gaining weight and weakens her immune system. Excited with anticipation, Lizzie didn't know she looked different when she entered first grade. Other kids pointed and stared. None of them wanted to be near her. Not knowing why, she felt hurt and confused. Lizzie's parents, school, and church officials told her that she wasn't differant, just smaller.

Thanks to her upbeat personality, she eventually made friends, wrote for her high school newspaper,and joined the cheerleading squad. Then,Lizzie came across a YouTube Video entitled "The World's Ugliest Woman." This old footage of her drew thousands of nasty, hurtful comments. Lizzie read them all; not one supported her. It hit her like a ton of bricks, and even though her father said forgiveness was the best response, accepting the idea took some time. She decided to use this painful experience to take back her self-esteem and help as many people a as she could.

On her way to becoming a motivational speaker, she earned a bachelor's degree in communications. Her first TED talk was recorded in 2013 and now has 11 over million views. The documentary film, A Brave Heart: The Lizzie Velasquez Story played at film festivals around the world. Lizzie's nationwide campaign to combat bullying online, offline, and at school focuses on lobbying for federal anti-bullying laws to be passed. While Lizzie's story stands out, the pain of feeling victimized' by other people is something everyone can relate to. Lizzie's true beauty lies in her selfless efforts to support victims, while working to prevent abusive behavior from happening to anyone.

Lizzie Velasquez出生時，患了會讓他體重沒辦法增加並讓她的免疫系統削弱的一種罕見遺傳疾病。Lizzie興奮地期待著進入一年級時，她並不知道自己看起來和別人有所不同。其他孩子指著並盯著她看。沒有人想要靠近她。她並不知道為什麼，但她感到受傷和困惑。Lizzie的父母、學校和教堂的人告訴她，她沒有什麼不同，只是比較小一點而已。

多虧她樂觀的個性，她最後還是交到了朋友，為她的高中寫報紙，並加入了啦啦隊。然後，Lizzie看到一個叫「世界上最醜陋的女人」的YouTube視頻。她的舊影片吸引了成千上萬惡意的、傷人的評論， Lizzie看完所有的評論，沒有一個支持她的人。她像被一堆磚頭擊中一樣，即使她的父親說寬恕是最好的回應，要接受這個想法還是花了一些時間。她決定利用這種痛苦的經歷來拿回她的自尊心，盡可能地幫助更多的人。

2018/07/30-2018/08/03

2018/08/06-2018/08/10

2018/08/13-2018/08/17

2018/08/20-2018/08/24